California’s drought affects the dinner tables of households across the country. The vegetables that form the basis for the salads we eat in abundance are particularly susceptible to lack of sufficient water. Lettuce and carrots are shallow-rooted and medium-rooted plants that need water. Deep-rooted plants like tomatoes can survive droughts because their extensive root systems seek out damp areas far below the surface and feed on that moisture. Shallow and medium-rooted vegetables require lots of water, particularly during long periods of hot, sunny days. Other vegetables that can be difficult to grow in California include major American food staples like onions, broccoli and cabbage. Green onions and leeks, popular in sautéed dishes, have shallow roots. Cucumbers, peas and summer squash have medium roots and may fare a little better in California but will still need frequent watering.

Some root vegetables have shallow and medium roots. Turnips, radishes and beets aren’t hot weather crops and require a balance of heat and moisture that can be difficult to achieve in the coastal California climate. These root vegetables require soaking rains or watering. Watering these crops lightly can actually be counterproductive.

Fruits also have varying depths of root systems. Berry crops like strawberries are sparse during droughts. Strawberries like to spread their roots out, not down. Popular jam and jelly berries like blackberries, raspberries and boysenberries have shallow roots and are typically found growing in shady arbors or wooded areas. Blueberries are also among the berries that grow best in areas that get regular rain. If it’s referred to as a “cane fruit” or a “bramble fruit,” it probably won’t grow well in the California coast area.

When we think of California, we think of fruit trees. Americans will always look to California for oranges and lemons, but other tree fruits like pears do well in wet soil. Peaches are not drought-resistant. They require regular water in moderate zones. Pears aren’t suitable for sandy soil and constant sun, making them a poor choice for your California yard or orchard.

A complete garden features herbs. Some, like basil and lavender, need sun but also need regular watering. Other herbs grow best in shade. Chives are popular chopped fresh for dips and dressings or sprinkled over cooked dishes. They grow best in shady, moist areas. Herbs in the mint family and ginger need similar conditions.

How do you decide what vegetables, fruits and herbs to plant in your home garden? If you want a small kitchen garden, consider planting basics like cherry tomatoes, bell peppers, lettuce and herbs in containers on your patio. Small container gardens don’t require much water, and the containers can be moved during the day so that the plants receive just enough sun.

For help in selecting fruits and vegetables that will thrive in the California climate, contact us. We will evaluate your yard, assist you in choosing high-yield plants that grow best in sunny areas with sandy soil and maintain your trees and garden throughout the year.